主要成分 |
胡桃仁含粗蛋白22.18%,其中可溶性蛋白的组成以谷氨酸(glutamic acid)为主,其次为精氨酸(arginine)和天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)。粗脂类64.23%,其中中性脂类占93.05%;中性脂类中三酰甘油82.05%,甾醇脂3.86%,游离脂肪酸4.80%.总脂和中性脂类中脂肪酸组成主要为亚酸(linoleic acid)64.48%-69.95%和油酸(oleic acid)13.89%-15.36%;三酰甘油所含脂肪酸主要为亚麻酸(linolenic acid)69.98;甾醇酯非皂化部分主要为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),并有少量的菜油甾醇(campesterol),豆甾醇(stigmasterol),燕麦甾-5-烯醇(△-avenasterol),豆甾-7-稀醇(△-stigmasterol);糖类13%;多种游离的必需氨基酸;异亮氨酸(isoleucine),亮氨酸(leucine),色氨酸(tryptophan),苯丙氨酸(phenylalanie),缬氨酸(valine),苏氨酸(threonine)及赖氨酸(lysine)等,其含量为总氨基酸的47.50%。<br />果实含1,4-萘醌(1,4-naphthoquinone),胡桃叶醌(juglone),4-羟基-1-萘基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(4-hydroxy-1-naptaleny-β-D-glucopyranoside),4,8-二羟基-1-萘基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(4,8-di-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside),钾、钙、铁、锰、锌、铜、锶等多种微量元素,未成熟果实福含维生素C(8349-12644mg/100g干重)。果皮含水杨酸(salicylic acid),对-羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic acid),香草酸(vanillic acid),龙胆酸(gentisic acid),对-羟基苯基酸(p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid),没食子酸(gallic acid),对-香豆酸(p-coumaric acid),阿魏酸(ferulic acid),咖啡酸(caffeic acid),芥子酸(sinapic acid),原儿茶酸(pro-tocatechuic acid),丁香酸(syrigic acid),和绿原酸(chlorgeuic acid)。<br />末成熟果实外果皮含α-氨化胡桃叶醌(α-hydrojuglone),β-氢化胡桃叶醌,α-氢化胡桃叶醌-4-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(α-hydroju-glone-4-β-D-glucopyranoside),1,4-萘醌,2-甲基-1,4-萘醌(2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone),胡桃叶醌,5-羟基-2-甲基-1,4-萘醌(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone),5-羟基-3-甲基-1,4-萘醌(5-hydroxy-3-metnyl-1,4-naphthoquinone),2.3-二甲基-5-羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,3-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone)及2,3-二氢-5-羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphtho-quinone)及2,3-二氢-5-羟基-2-甲基-1,4-萘醌(2,3-dihydro-5-hy-droxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone)。 |
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